Player Core
Chapter 1: Introduction
Playing the Game
Source Player Core pg. 8
In a Starfinder game, three modes of play determine the pacing of each scene in the story. Most of your character's time is spent in exploration, uncovering mysteries, solving problems, and interacting with other characters. The galaxy is filled with danger, however, and characters often find themselves in an encounter, fighting hostile parties when negotiations go south and battling fearsome alien monsters. Finally, time moves quickly when the characters enjoy downtime, a respite from the galaxy's troubles and a chance to rest and train for future activities. Throughout an adventure, gameplay moves between these three modes many times, as needed for the story. The more you play the game, the more you'll see that each mode has its own play style, but moving from mode to mode has a few hard boundaries.
During the game, your character will face situations where the outcome is uncertain. A character might need to navigate while inside the Drift, survive in an alien desert, or sneak past a corporate security robot, all of which are dangerous tasks with a price for failure. In such cases, the acting character (or characters) is asked to attempt a check to determine whether or not they succeed. A check is usually made by rolling a single 20-sided die (a d20) and adding a number based on the relevant attribute. In such cases, rolling high is always good.
Once a check is rolled, the GM compares the result to a target number called the difficulty class (DC) to determine the outcome. If the result ofthe check is equal to or greater than the DC, the check is successful. If it's lower, the check is a failure. Beating the DC by 10 or more is referred to as a critical success, which usually grants an especially positive outcome. Similarly, failing the check by 10 or more is a critical failure (sometimes called a fumble). This sometimes results in additional negative effects. You also often score a critical success by rolling a 20 on the die when attempting a check (before adding anything). Likewise, rolling a 1 on the die when attempting a check often results in a critical failure. Note that not all checks have a special effect on a critical success or critical failure, and such results should be treated just like an ordinary success or failure instead.
For example, while aboard a starship traveling to a faraway world, your character might find a faster route through an uncharted asteroid field. You decide to go for it, but the GM declares this a dangerous task and asks you to roll a Piloting skill check (since navigation is covered by the Piloting skill). On your character sheet, you see that your character has a +8 modifier for such checks. Rolling the d20, you get an 18, for a total of 26. The GM compares this to the DC (which was 16) and finds that you got a critical success (since the result exceeded the DC by 10). Your character charts a safe path around every asteroid without scratching the hull. Had you gotten a result less than 26 but equal to or greater than 16, your character's route would've taken your ship halfway through the debris field. Had your result been less than 16, your character might have gotten lost among the spinning chunks of rock and ice or, on a critical failure (6 or less), crashed the ship into one of them!
Checks like this are the heart of the game and are rolled all the time, in every mode of play, to determine the outcome of tasks. While the roll of the die is essential, the statistic you add to the roll (called a modifier) often makes the difference between success and failure. Every character is made up of many such statistics governing what the character is good at, each consisting of a relevant attribute modifier plus a proficiency bonus, and sometimes modified further by other factors, such as bonuses or penalties from gear, spells, feats, magic items, and other special circumstances.
Proficiency is a simple way of assessing your character's general level of training and aptitude for a given task. It's broken into five different ranks: untrained, trained, expert, master, and legendary. Each rank grants a different proficiency bonus. If you're untrained at a statistic, your proficiency bonus is +0; you must rely solely on the raw potential represented by your attribute modifier. If your proficiency rank for a statistic is trained, expert, master, and legendary, your bonus equals your character's level plus another number based on the rank (2, 4, 6, and 8, respectively). Proficiency ranks are part of almost every statistic in the game.
During the game, your character will face situations where the outcome is uncertain. A character might need to navigate while inside the Drift, survive in an alien desert, or sneak past a corporate security robot, all of which are dangerous tasks with a price for failure. In such cases, the acting character (or characters) is asked to attempt a check to determine whether or not they succeed. A check is usually made by rolling a single 20-sided die (a d20) and adding a number based on the relevant attribute. In such cases, rolling high is always good.
Once a check is rolled, the GM compares the result to a target number called the difficulty class (DC) to determine the outcome. If the result ofthe check is equal to or greater than the DC, the check is successful. If it's lower, the check is a failure. Beating the DC by 10 or more is referred to as a critical success, which usually grants an especially positive outcome. Similarly, failing the check by 10 or more is a critical failure (sometimes called a fumble). This sometimes results in additional negative effects. You also often score a critical success by rolling a 20 on the die when attempting a check (before adding anything). Likewise, rolling a 1 on the die when attempting a check often results in a critical failure. Note that not all checks have a special effect on a critical success or critical failure, and such results should be treated just like an ordinary success or failure instead.
For example, while aboard a starship traveling to a faraway world, your character might find a faster route through an uncharted asteroid field. You decide to go for it, but the GM declares this a dangerous task and asks you to roll a Piloting skill check (since navigation is covered by the Piloting skill). On your character sheet, you see that your character has a +8 modifier for such checks. Rolling the d20, you get an 18, for a total of 26. The GM compares this to the DC (which was 16) and finds that you got a critical success (since the result exceeded the DC by 10). Your character charts a safe path around every asteroid without scratching the hull. Had you gotten a result less than 26 but equal to or greater than 16, your character's route would've taken your ship halfway through the debris field. Had your result been less than 16, your character might have gotten lost among the spinning chunks of rock and ice or, on a critical failure (6 or less), crashed the ship into one of them!
Checks like this are the heart of the game and are rolled all the time, in every mode of play, to determine the outcome of tasks. While the roll of the die is essential, the statistic you add to the roll (called a modifier) often makes the difference between success and failure. Every character is made up of many such statistics governing what the character is good at, each consisting of a relevant attribute modifier plus a proficiency bonus, and sometimes modified further by other factors, such as bonuses or penalties from gear, spells, feats, magic items, and other special circumstances.
Proficiency is a simple way of assessing your character's general level of training and aptitude for a given task. It's broken into five different ranks: untrained, trained, expert, master, and legendary. Each rank grants a different proficiency bonus. If you're untrained at a statistic, your proficiency bonus is +0; you must rely solely on the raw potential represented by your attribute modifier. If your proficiency rank for a statistic is trained, expert, master, and legendary, your bonus equals your character's level plus another number based on the rank (2, 4, 6, and 8, respectively). Proficiency ranks are part of almost every statistic in the game.
Exploration
Source Player Core pg. 8
Most of the time, your character will explore an environment, interact with other characters, travel from place to place, and overcome challenges. This is called exploration. Gameplay is relatively free-form during exploration, with players responding to the narrative whenever they have an idea of what to do next. Ransacking an abandoned warehouse and riding a crowded gravtrain are both examples of exploration.
Leaving a city aboard an enercopter, spotting signs of a marauding kyokor, predicting the path the kyokor might take through the badlands, and convincing local wasteland scavengers to help lure the monster away from the city's outskirts are all examples of things that might occur during exploration.
Throughout this mode of play, the GM asks the players what their characters are doing as they explore. This is important in case a conflict arises. If combat breaks out, the tasks the PCs undertook while exploring might give them an edge or otherwise inform how the combat begins.
Leaving a city aboard an enercopter, spotting signs of a marauding kyokor, predicting the path the kyokor might take through the badlands, and convincing local wasteland scavengers to help lure the monster away from the city's outskirts are all examples of things that might occur during exploration.
Throughout this mode of play, the GM asks the players what their characters are doing as they explore. This is important in case a conflict arises. If combat breaks out, the tasks the PCs undertook while exploring might give them an edge or otherwise inform how the combat begins.
Encounters
Source Player Core pg. 9
During your adventures, there will be times when a simple skill check is not enough to resolve a challenge—when vicious monsters or ruthless enemies attack your character and the only choice is to fight back. In Starfinder, this is called an encounter. Encounters usually involve combat, but they can also be used in situations where timing is critical, such as during a chase or when avoiding hazards. Encounters might also involve socializing or negotiating in a tense situation.
While exploration is handled in a free-form manner, encounters are more structured. The players and GM roll initiative to determine who acts in what order. The encounter occurs over a number of rounds, each of which is equal to about 6 seconds of time in the world of the game. During a round, each participant takes a turn. When it's your turn to act, you can use up to three actions. Most simple things, such as drawing a weapon, moving a short distance, opening a door, or firing a laser pistol, use a single action to perform. There are also activities that use more than a single action to perform; these are often special abilities from your character's class and feats. One common activity in the game is casting a spell, which usually uses two actions.
Free actions, such as dropping an object, don't count toward the three actions you can take on your turn. Finally, each character can use up to one reaction during a round. This special type of action can be used even when it's not your turn, but only in response to certain events, and only if you have an ability that allows it. Envoys, for example, can select a feat that lets them use their reaction to warn an ally about incoming fire.
Attacking another creature is one of the most common actions in combat and is done by using the Strike action. This requires an attack roll—a kind of check made against the Armor Class (AC) of the creature you're attacking. Strikes can be made using weapons, spells, or even parts of a creature's body, like a claw, fist, or tail. You add a modifier to this roll based on your proficiency rank with the type of attack you're using, your attributes, and any other bonuses or penalties based on the situation. The target's AC is calculated using their proficiency rank in the armor they're wearing and their Dexterity modifier. An attack deals damage if it hits, and rolling a critical success results in the attack dealing double damage!
You can use more than one Strike action on your turn, but each additional attack after the first becomes less accurate. This is reflected by a multiple attack penalty that starts at –5 on the second attack, but increases to –10 on the third. There are many ways to reduce this penalty, and it resets at the end of your turn.
If your character finds themself the target of a magical mind skewer or caught in the path of area fire from a flamethrower, you'll be called on to attempt a saving throw, representing your character's ability to avoid danger or otherwise withstand an assault to their mind or body. A saving throw is a check attempted against the DC of the spell or special ability targeting your character. There are three types of saving throws, and a character's proficiency in each says a great deal about what they can endure. A Fortitude saving throw is used when your character's health or vitality is under attack, such as from poison or disease. A Reflex saving throw is called for when your character must dodge away from danger, usually something that affects a large area, such as the burst of vines from a verdant code spell or the fiery explosion from a grenade. Finally, a Will saving throw is often your defense against spells and effects that target your character's mind, such as a phantasmal fleet or vibe check spell. For all saving throws, a success lessens the harmful effect, and scoring a critical success usually means your character escapes unscathed.
Attacks, spells, hazards, and special abilities frequently either deal damage to a character or impose one or more conditions—and sometimes both. Damage is subtracted from a creature's Hit Points (HP)—a measure of health—and when a creature is reduced to 0 HP, it falls unconscious and may die! A combat encounter typically lasts until one side has been defeated, and while this can mean retreat or surrender, it often happens because one side is dead or dying. Conditions can hinder a creature for a time, limiting the actions they can use and applying penalties to future checks. Some conditions are even permanent, requiring a character to seek out powerful magic or advanced technologies to undo their effects.
While exploration is handled in a free-form manner, encounters are more structured. The players and GM roll initiative to determine who acts in what order. The encounter occurs over a number of rounds, each of which is equal to about 6 seconds of time in the world of the game. During a round, each participant takes a turn. When it's your turn to act, you can use up to three actions. Most simple things, such as drawing a weapon, moving a short distance, opening a door, or firing a laser pistol, use a single action to perform. There are also activities that use more than a single action to perform; these are often special abilities from your character's class and feats. One common activity in the game is casting a spell, which usually uses two actions.
Free actions, such as dropping an object, don't count toward the three actions you can take on your turn. Finally, each character can use up to one reaction during a round. This special type of action can be used even when it's not your turn, but only in response to certain events, and only if you have an ability that allows it. Envoys, for example, can select a feat that lets them use their reaction to warn an ally about incoming fire.
Attacking another creature is one of the most common actions in combat and is done by using the Strike action. This requires an attack roll—a kind of check made against the Armor Class (AC) of the creature you're attacking. Strikes can be made using weapons, spells, or even parts of a creature's body, like a claw, fist, or tail. You add a modifier to this roll based on your proficiency rank with the type of attack you're using, your attributes, and any other bonuses or penalties based on the situation. The target's AC is calculated using their proficiency rank in the armor they're wearing and their Dexterity modifier. An attack deals damage if it hits, and rolling a critical success results in the attack dealing double damage!
You can use more than one Strike action on your turn, but each additional attack after the first becomes less accurate. This is reflected by a multiple attack penalty that starts at –5 on the second attack, but increases to –10 on the third. There are many ways to reduce this penalty, and it resets at the end of your turn.
If your character finds themself the target of a magical mind skewer or caught in the path of area fire from a flamethrower, you'll be called on to attempt a saving throw, representing your character's ability to avoid danger or otherwise withstand an assault to their mind or body. A saving throw is a check attempted against the DC of the spell or special ability targeting your character. There are three types of saving throws, and a character's proficiency in each says a great deal about what they can endure. A Fortitude saving throw is used when your character's health or vitality is under attack, such as from poison or disease. A Reflex saving throw is called for when your character must dodge away from danger, usually something that affects a large area, such as the burst of vines from a verdant code spell or the fiery explosion from a grenade. Finally, a Will saving throw is often your defense against spells and effects that target your character's mind, such as a phantasmal fleet or vibe check spell. For all saving throws, a success lessens the harmful effect, and scoring a critical success usually means your character escapes unscathed.
Attacks, spells, hazards, and special abilities frequently either deal damage to a character or impose one or more conditions—and sometimes both. Damage is subtracted from a creature's Hit Points (HP)—a measure of health—and when a creature is reduced to 0 HP, it falls unconscious and may die! A combat encounter typically lasts until one side has been defeated, and while this can mean retreat or surrender, it often happens because one side is dead or dying. Conditions can hinder a creature for a time, limiting the actions they can use and applying penalties to future checks. Some conditions are even permanent, requiring a character to seek out powerful magic or advanced technologies to undo their effects.
Downtime
Source Player Core pg. 9
PCs don’t have to spend every waking moment adventuring. They might also recover from wounds, craft specialty goods, explore a new location and recruit allies, surf the infosphere, or work a part-time job. In Starfinder, this is called downtime, and it allows time to pass quickly while characters work on long-term tasks or objectives. Most characters can work in downtime, earning a few credits, but those with the right skills can also spend time crafting or inventing new equipment. Characters can also use downtime to retrain, replacing one character choice with another to reflect their evolving priorities. They might also research a problem, learn new spells, enjoy a city’s nightlife, or even command a starship fleet or run a space station! Downtime might be split between roleplaying scenes, discussions of your character’s (or party’s) long-term plans, and skill checks meant to represent days or weeks of progress toward those goals.
Key Terms
Source Player Core pg. 10
There are a number of important terms that you’ll need to know as you create your first character or adventure. Some of the most important terms mentioned on previous pages are also included here for reference.
Action
Source Player Core pg. 10
During encounters, each creature gets three actions during their turn. These actions are spent to attack, interact with objects, move, and use special abilities. Actions available to all characters can be found in Chapter 8.
Ancestry
Source Player Core pg. 10
An ancestry is the broad family of people that a character belongs to. Ancestry determines a character’s starting Hit Points, languages, senses, and Speed, and it grants access to ancestry feats. Ancestries can be found here.
Armor Class (AC)
Source Player Core pg. 10
All creatures in the game have an Armor Class. This score represents how hard it is to hit and damage a creature. It serves as the Difficulty Class for hitting a creature with an attack.
Attack
Source Player Core pg. 10
When a creature tries to harm another creature, it makes a Strike or uses some other attack action. Most attacks are Strikes made with a weapon, but a character might Strike with their fist, grapple or shove with their appendages, or attack with a spell.
Attribute Modifier
Source Player Core pg. 10
Each creature has six attribute modifiers: Strength, Dexterity, Constitution, Intelligence, Wisdom, and Charisma. Each of these numbers represents a creature’s raw potential and general training. Attributes are described in full here.
Background
Source Player Core pg. 10
A background represents what a character experienced before they became an adventurer. Each background grants a feat and training in one or more skills. You can read more about backgrounds in Chapter 2.
Bonuses and Penalties
Source Player Core pg. 10
Bonuses and penalties apply to checks and certain statistics. There are several types of bonuses and penalties. If you have more than one bonus of the same type, you use only the highest bonus. Likewise, you use only the worst penalty of each type.
Check
Source Player Core pg. 10
When a character attempts an action where success is uncertain, they may roll a check. This is a roll of one 20-sided die plus the named proficiency bonus. For example, a Perception check would add your Perception proficiency.
Class
Source Player Core pg. 10
A class represents the adventuring profession chosen by a character. A character’s class determines most of their proficiencies, grants the character Hit Points each time they gain a new level, and gives access to a set of class feats. Classes appear here.
Condition
Source Player Core pg. 10
An ongoing effect that changes how a character can act, or that alters some of their statistics, is called a condition. The rules for the basic conditions used in the game can be found in the Conditions Appendix.
Currency
Source Player Core pg. 10
The most common currency in the game is credits. Characters begin play with 150 credits to spend on equipment.
Feat
Source Player Core pg. 10
A feat is an ability you can select for your character due to their ancestry, background, class, general training, or skill training. Some feats grant the ability to use special actions, while others make your existing actions more effective.
Game Master (GM)
Source Player Core pg. 10
The Game Master is the player who adjudicates the rules and narrates the various elements of the Starfinder story and world that the other players explore. The GM uses the rules found in Starfinder GM Core.
The Galaxy
Source Player Core pg. 10
Starfinder is set in the Pact Worlds, a system of allied planets that was once home to the lost world Golarion, though many adventures explore the wider galaxy. More information about the galaxy can be found on here and in Starfinder Galaxy Guide and Starfinder GM Core.
Hit Points (HP)
Source Player Core pg. 10
Hit Points represent the amount of punishment a creature can take before it falls unconscious and begins dying. Damage decreases Hit Points on a 1-to-1 basis, while healing restores Hit Points at the same rate.
Initiative
Source Player Core pg. 10
At the start of an encounter, all creatures involved roll for initiative to determine the order in which they act. The higher the result of its roll, the earlier a creature gets to act. Initiative and combat are described in Chapter 8.
Level
Source Player Core pg. 11
A level is a number that measures something’s overall power. Player characters have a level, ranging from 1st to 20th, representing their level of experience. Monsters, NPCs, hazards, diseases, and poisons have levels ranging from –1 to 30 that measure the danger they pose. An item’s level, usually within the range of 0 to 20 but sometimes higher, indicates its power and suitability as treasure.
Nonplayer Character (NPC)
Source Player Core pg. 11
A nonplayer character, controlled by the GM, interacts with players and helps advance the story.
Perception
Source Player Core pg. 11
Perception measures your character’s ability to notice hidden objects or unusual situations, and it usually determines how quickly the character springs into action in combat. It’s described in full here.
Player Character (PC)
Source Player Core pg. 11
This is a character created and controlled by a player.
Proficiency
Source Player Core pg. 11
Proficiency is a system that measures a character’s aptitude at a specific task or quality, and it has five ranks: untrained, trained, expert, master, and legendary. Proficiency gives you a bonus that’s added when determining the following modifiers and statistics: AC, attack rolls, Perception, saving throws, skills, and the effectiveness of spells. If you’re untrained, your proficiency bonus is +0. If you’re trained, expert, master, or legendary, your proficiency bonus equals your level plus 2, 4, 6, or 8, respectively.
Rarity
Source Player Core pg. 11
Some elements of the game have a rarity to denote how often they’re encountered in the game world. Rarity primarily applies to equipment and magic items, but spells, feats, and other rules elements also have a rarity. If no rarity appears in the traits of an item, spell, or other game element, it’s of common rarity. Uncommon options are available only to those who have special training, grew up in a certain culture, or come from a particular part of the galaxy. This can be explained with an “Access” entry, explaining criteria for characters to choose it as a common option. Rare options are difficult to find and are usually given out only by the GM, while unique ones are literally one-of-a-kind in the game. The GM might alter the way rarity works or change the rarity of individual items to suit the story they want to tell.
Roleplaying
Source Player Core pg. 11
Describing a character’s actions, often while acting from the perspective of the character, is called roleplaying. When a player speaks or describes action from the perspective of a character, they are “in character.”
Round
Source Player Core pg. 11
A round is a period of time during an encounter in which all participants get a chance to act. A round represents approximately 6 seconds in game time.
Saving Throw (Save)
Source Player Core pg. 11
When a creature is subject to a dangerous effect that must be avoided, it attempts a saving throw to mitigate the effect. You attempt a saving throw automatically—you don't have to use an action or a reaction. Unlike for most checks, the character who isn't acting rolls the d20 for a saving throw, and the creature who is acting provides the DC.
There are three types of saving throws: Fortitude (to resist diseases, poisons, and physical effects), Reflex (to evade effects a character could quickly dodge), and Will (to resist effects that target the mind and personality).
There are three types of saving throws: Fortitude (to resist diseases, poisons, and physical effects), Reflex (to evade effects a character could quickly dodge), and Will (to resist effects that target the mind and personality).
Skill
Source Player Core pg. 11
A skill represents a creature’s ability to perform certain tasks that require instruction or practice. All characters are trained in certain skills due to their background and class. Skills are fully described in Chapter 4. Each skill includes ways anyone can use that skill even if untrained, as well as uses that require a character to be trained in the skill.
Speed
Source Player Core pg. 11
Speed is the distance a character can move using a single action, measured in feet.
Spell
Source Player Core pg. 11
Spells are magical effects created by performing mystical incantations and gestures. Casting a spell is an activity that usually uses two actions. Each spell specifies what it targets, the actions needed to cast it, its effects, and how it can be resisted. If a class grants spells, the basics of that ability are provided in the class description in Chapter 3, while the spells themselves are detailed in Chapter 7.
Spells have ranks ranging from 1st to 10th, which measure their power; characters and monsters can usually cast only a certain number of spells of any given rank.
Spells have ranks ranging from 1st to 10th, which measure their power; characters and monsters can usually cast only a certain number of spells of any given rank.
Trait
Source Player Core pg. 11
A trait is a keyword that conveys additional information about a rules element, such as which ancestry a feat belongs to or the rarity of an item. Often, a trait indicates how other rules interact with an ability, creature, item, or another rules element that has that trait.
All the traits used in this book appear here.
All the traits used in this book appear here.
Turn
Source Player Core pg. 11
During the course of a round, each creature takes a single turn according to initiative. A creature can typically use up to three actions during its turn.